Whether sitting or hanging, the surface of a protein-containing droplet changes as the water escapes, an effect researchers link to the pull of gravity.
A study of drops falling on a thin liquid film finds that splash behavior depends on film thickness—a result that could impact our understanding of stalagmite formation.
Will truth and reason survive the evolution of artificial intelligence? AI researcher Gary Marcus says no, not if untrustworthy technology continues to be integrated into our lives at such dangerously high speeds. He advocates for an urgent reevaluation of whether we’re building reliable systems (or misinformation machines), explores the failures of today’s AI and calls for a global, nonprofit organization to regulate the tech for the sake of democracy and our collective future. (Followed by a Q&A with head of TED Chris Anderson)
In a sequence of papers accepted for the 16th Annual Conference in Artificial General Intelligence in Stockholm, I pose a mechanistic explanation for these phenomena. They explain how we may build a machine that’s aware of itself, of others, of itself as perceived by others, and so on.
Intelligence and Intent
A lot of what we call intelligence boils down to making predictions about the world with incomplete information. The less information a machine needs to make accurate predictions, the more “intelligent” it is.
While much of what Aligned AI is doing is proprietary, Gorman says that at its core Aligned AI is working on how to give generative A.I. systems a much more robust understanding of concepts, an area where these systems continue to lag humans, often by a significant margin. “In some ways [large language models] do seem to have a lot of things that seem like human concepts, but they are also very fragile,” Gorman says. “So it’s very easy, whenever someone brings out a new chatbot, to trick it into doing things it’s not supposed to do.” Gorman says that Aligned AI’s intuition is that methods that make chatbots less likely to generate toxic content will also be helpful in making sure that future A.I. systems don’t harm people in other ways. The work on “the alignment problem”—which is the idea of how we align A.I. with human values so it doesn’t kill us all and from which Aligned AI takes its name—could also help address dangers from A.I. that are here today, such as chatbots that produce toxic content, is controversial. Many A.I. ethicists see talk of “the alignment problem,” which is what people who say they work on “A.I. Safety” often say is their focus, as a distraction from the important work of addressing present dangers from A.I.
But Aligned AI’s work is a good demonstration of how the same research methods can help address both risks. Giving A.I. systems a more robust conceptual understanding is something we all should want. A system that understands the concept of racism or self-harm can be better trained not to generate toxic dialogue; a system that understands the concept of avoiding harm and the value of human life, would hopefully be less likely to kill everyone on the planet.
Aligned AI and Xayn are also good examples that there are a lot of promising ideas being produced by smaller companies in the A.I. ecosystem. OpenAI, Microsoft, and Google, while clearly the biggest players in the space, may not have the best technology for every use case.
It may be that the famous Higgs boson, co-responsible for the existence of masses of elementary particles, also interacts with the world of the new physics that has been sought for decades. If this were indeed to be the case, the Higgs should decay in a characteristic way, involving exotic particles. At the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow, it has been shown that if such decays do indeed occur, they will be observable in successors to the LHC currently being designed.
When talking about the ‘hidden valley’, our first thoughts are of dragons rather than sound science. However, in high-energy physics, this picturesque name is given to certain models that extend the set of currently known elementary particles. In these so-called Hidden Valley models, the particles of our world as described by the Standard Model belong to the low-energy group, while exotic particles are hidden in the high-energy region. Theoretical considerations suggest then the exotic decay of the famous Higgs boson, something that has not been observed at the LHC accelerator despite many years of searching. However, scientists at the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IFJ PAN) in Cracow argue that Higgs decays into exotic particles should already be perfectly observable in accelerators that are successors to the Large Hadron Collider – if the Hidden Valley models turn out to be consistent with reality.
“In Hidden Valley models we have two groups of particles separated by an energy barrier. The theory is that there could then be exotic massive particles that could cross this barrier under specific circumstances. The particles like Higgs boson or hypothetic Z’ boson would act as communicators between the particles of both worlds. The Higgs boson, one of the most massive particle of the Standard Model, is a very good candidate for such a communicator,” explains Prof. Marcin Kucharczyk (IFJ PAN), lead author of an article in the Journal of High Energy Physics, which presents the latest analyses and simulations concerning the possibility of detecting Higgs boson decays in the future lepton accelerators.
Popocatépetl, Mexico’s second-tallest active volcano, has been spewing ash and smoke for weeks, and authorities warn evacuations could follow.
