Lifeboat Foundation

Artificial intelligence today is spreading like wildfire. New and more powerful applications are emerging almost daily, and people are interacting with AI more in their everyday lives.

All of this is very exciting for modern enterprises, which have reinvented themselves as digital powerhouses post-pandemic. Still, digital transformations don’t happen overnight, and tech companies—and SaaS models in particular—were the saving grace of businesses sprinting to align their customer experiences with new consumer expectations and data-driven capabilities.

But AI is a different animal. Not only does it require huge sums of data, but it also requires a new approach to how that data is obtained and managed within the enterprise. Businesses expecting a simple “build it and leave it” experience with AI are in for a shock, and many will undoubtedly ask, “Can SaaS deliver AI at speed and scale?”

This is an educational video. It does suggest a bit of a solution and it’s a good reason to be careful about eating snow maybe or drinking rain water? I’m no expert but now I’m wary though I haven’t heard of anyone getting sick from doing so.

Bacteria are everywhere, including clouds, and the rain that falls from them. Not only can they survive the harsh environment and hitchhike across continents, they can share their genes, too. Including the ones that make them resistant to antibiotics.

Continue reading “It’s Raining Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria” »

A team led by Stanford Medicine researchers has mapped the human intestine down to the level of individual cells, revealing how neighborhoods of different cell types work together for healthy digestion.

Children with food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis experienced impaired growth during their first year of life, but this resolves as the disease resolves, according to a study published in Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.

Meanwhile, children with IgE-mediated food allergy (IgE-FA) experienced impaired growth after age 1 year, Rachael Rosow, BA, clinical research coordinator for pediatric food allergy at Massachusetts General Hospital at the time of the study and now a medical student at Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, and colleagues wrote.

The 804 children followed from birth through age 2 years in the study included 134 (17%) who developed food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), 50 (6%) who developed an IgE-FA and 15 (2%) who developed both.

A novel PET perfusion radiotracer, ¹⁸ F-flurpiridaz, can diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) in obese patients with a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to ^99m Tc-SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), according to research presented at the 2023 Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Annual Meeting. ¹⁸ F-flurpiridaz PET MPI obtained images at a lower radiation dose than ^99m Tc-SPECT MPI and performed similarly in both obese and non-obese patients.

Obese individuals frequently have medical conditions such as diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure that put them at higher risk of developing CAD. Due to these risk factors, imaging obese patients for CAD is very important.

“Due to their body shape, it’s often hard to image obese individuals,” said Krishna Patel, MD, assistant professor of medicine and cardiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York. “This can result in inferior image quality and diagnostic performance despite requiring a higher dose of radiation.”

“These findings suggest that primary care may be exerting a protective effect on postoperative morbidity and mortality,” wrote Sanford E. Roberts, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and co-authors in JAMA Surgery.

Of note, Black patients with PCP exposure had similar adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality relative to patients with no PCP exposure (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.75−1.57), while white patients with PCP exposure had a 21% decreased risk of in-hospital mortality compared with the same group (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70−0.90).

However, at 30, 60, 90, and 180 days post-surgery, both Black and white patients who had visited a PCP had significantly lower adjusted odds of mortality compared with those who had not seen a PCP, with no significant differences in the interactions between race and PCP exposure for mortality.

Using artificial intelligence (AI) to combine data from full-body x-ray images and associated genomic data from more than 30,000 UK Biobank participants, a study by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin and New York Genome Center has helped to illuminate the genetic basis of human skeletal proportions, from shoulder width to leg length.

The findings also provide new insights into the evolution of the human skeletal form and its role in musculoskeletal disease, providing a window into our evolutionary past, and potentially allowing doctors to one day better predict patients’ risks of developing conditions such as back pain or arthritis in later life. The study also demonstrates the utility of using population-scale imaging data from biobanks to understand both disease-related and normal physical variation among humans.

“Our research is a powerful demonstration of the impact of AI in medicine, particularly when it comes to analyzing and quantifying imaging data, as well as integrating this information with health records and genetics rapidly and at large scale,” said Vagheesh Narasimhan, PhD, an assistant professor of integrative biology as well as statistics and data science, who led the multidisciplinary team of researchers, to provide the genetic map of skeletal proportions.

Autophagy biology has emerged as a ray of hope in addressing age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders. Substantial effort in academia has been directed at advancing our understanding of the field and paving the way for ground-breaking therapies. But with genuine challenges in harnessing the power of autophagy and in developing effective therapies in this disease area, how close are we to really finding the first autophagy boosting drugs…?

The devastating impact of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common form of Motor Neurone Disease (MND), cannot be overstated. According to the WHO, neurological diseases affect over a billion people globally and are the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide [1, 2]. Incidence is increasing too, predominantly driven by population growth and aging. And, with no prospect of a cure, people who develop these conditions face a bleak future.

Justifiably, this disease area has been the subject of intensive research for many years and there have been some breakthroughs along the way, possibly offering hope for the development of new therapies. However, translating scientific breakthroughs into viable drugs for patients has been enormously challenging.

Acute respiratory infection is caused by a wide range of pathogens, and an etiologic diagnosis is established in only about one third of cases. As a result, broad-spectrum antibiotics are often unnecessarily prescribed and continued. The BioFire FilmArray^® Pneumonia Panel (BioFire PN) is a commercial multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay directed against 33 targets, including viruses, bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes. In critically ill patients, BioFire PN results have shown a high level of agreement with culture results when tracheal aspirates (TA) or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were sampled.

Now, in a comparative study, 298 samples (286 expectorated sputum and 12 from TA) deemed of good or moderate quality were obtained from hospitalized adult patients with acute respiratory or cardiopulmonary illness. BioFire PN detected a total of 1.23 bacterial pathogens per sample. Hemophilus influenzae was detected most often (33.0%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus (20.5% for both), gram-negative bacilli (18.5%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (12.4%). Standard bacterial culture detected only 0.48 organisms per sample (compared with BioFire PN; P90%. Viral pathogens were detected in 51% of samples. Based on adjudication, the specificity of BioFire PN was only 45.0%. This was attributed to the greater number of potential pathogens identified compared with standard culture.