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Most models for the overall shape and geometry of the Universe—including some exotic ones—are compatible with the latest cosmic observations.

Is the Universe simply connected like a sphere or does it contain holes like a doughnut or a more complicated structure? The topology of the Universe—that is, its overall geometry—remains far from settled, according to a collaboration of cosmologists. Despite past claims that observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) rule out various topologies, the researchers contend that many of these shapes, including some strange ones, have not been contradicted by the evidence [1].

The overall geometry of the Universe is thought to have been determined by quantum processes that unfolded in the initial moment of the big bang. Identifying the topology of the Universe would provide researchers with an important clue as to the nature of those quantum processes and could help them sift through the many proposed theories of the early Universe.

Are you ready for the “Big Crunch?”

In the 20th century, many options abounded as to our cosmic origins. Today, only the Big Bang survives, thanks to this critical evidence.

Researchers from the University of Portsmouth’s Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation (ICG) have helped to detect a remarkable gravitational-wave signal, which could hold the key to solving a cosmic mystery.

The discovery is from the latest set of results announced by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration, which comprises more than 1,600 scientists from around the world, including members of the ICG, that seeks to detect gravitational waves and use them for exploration of fundamentals of science.

In May 2023, shortly after the start of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run, the LIGO Livingston detector in Louisiana, U.S., observed a gravitational-wave signal from the collision of what is most likely a neutron star with a compact object that is 2.5 to 4.5 times the mass of our sun.

Sir Roger Penrose proposes that the universe undergoes repeated cycles of expansion, decay, and rebirth, challenging the traditional notion of a singular Big Bang origin.

Renowned physicist Sir Roger Penrose, hailing from the University of Oxford and a co-recipient of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics, posits a fascinating theory regarding the universe’s cyclical nature. Contrary to prevailing notions, Penrose suggests that our universe has undergone numerous Big Bang events, with another impending in the future.

Penrose’s Nobel-winning contributions revolve around advancing mathematical frameworks that not only validate but also extend Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity. Moreover, his investigations into black holes elucidated the phenomenon of gravitational collapse, wherein excessively dense entities converge into singularities, infinitely massive points.

Continue reading “The universe’s repeated rebirth and dying, controversial claim by Nobel Prize Winner” »

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Continue reading “What Was There Before the Big Bang? 3 Good Hypotheses!” »

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Most astrophysicists believe that 95% of the universe is dark stuff — dark matter and dark energy. We can’t see, feel, or hear it, but it’s supposedly all around us. NASA scientists recently proposed a new experiment to test what is going on with the dark stuff in our vicinity. The want to use four small spacecraft flying around the solar system in a tetrahedron formation to look for variations from Einstein’s theory of gravity. Let’s have a look.

Continue reading “Are we surrounded by dark energy? A spacecraft tetrad will look for it” »

Detecting dark energy with tetrahedral spacecraft.

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