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Tesla detailed its capital expenditure plans for 2024 and beyond in a 10-K it released this morning.

Tesla has routinely revealed an increase in planned capital expenditures over the past few years, and 2024 seems to be no different. In a 10-K, which was released by Tesla this morning, it expects to spend at least $10 billion this year and between $8 billion and $10 billion in 2025 and 2026.

Tesla said that its near-term capex plans are difficult to predict because “the number and breadth of our core projects at any given time, and may further be impacted by uncertainties in future global market conditions.”

Prof. Polshettiwar’s group at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai has developed a novel “plasmonic reduction catalyst stable in air,” defying the common instability of reduction catalysts in the presence of air. The catalyst merges platinum-doped ruthenium clusters, with “plasmonic black gold.” This black gold efficiently harvests visible light and generates numerous hot spots due to plasmonic coupling, enhancing its catalytic performance.

The team describes their work in a paper published in the journal Nature Communications.

What sets this catalyst apart is its remarkable performance in the semi-hydrogenation of acetylene, an important industrial process. In the presence of excess ethene, and using only illumination without any external heating, the catalyst achieved an ethene production rate of 320 mmol g−1 h−1 with around 90% selectivity. This efficiency surpasses all known plasmonic and traditional thermal catalysts.