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Archive for the ‘genetics’ category: Page 116

Jul 18, 2023

Humans may soon grow new teeth, with promising drug trial set

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics

Some sharks get a new set of teeth every few weeks, while crocodiles can go through thousands of chompers in their long lifetimes. Yet the ability to endlessly replace our pearly whites is something that’s eluded us and nearly all other mammals. By the time our 32 ‘adult’ teeth grow in, that’s as good as it gets.

Now, a Japanese team of scientists is set to trial an experimental drug that would allow humans to grow completely new teeth.

A clinical trial scheduled for July 2024 will initially be for participants with tooth agenesis, a genetic condition that results in the absence of teeth, but the scientists have a view to making the treatment available for general use by as soon as 2030.

Jul 18, 2023

The Next Frontier For Large Language Models Is Biology

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, computing, genetics

Large language models like GPT-4 have taken the world by storm thanks to their astonishing command of natural language. Yet the most significant long-term opportunity for LLMs will entail an entirely different type of language: the language of biology.

One striking theme has emerged from the long march of research progress across biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics over the past century: it turns out that biology is a decipherable, programmable, in some ways even digital system.

DNA encodes the complete genetic instructions for every living organism on earth using just four variables—A (adenine), C (cytosine), G (guanine) and T (thymine). Compare this to modern computing systems, which use two variables—0 and 1—to encode all the world’s digital electronic information. One system is binary and the other is quaternary, but the two have a surprising amount of conceptual overlap; both systems can properly be thought of as digital.

Jul 17, 2023

Gene-edited trees are more sustainable and can boost fibre production

Posted by in categories: bioengineering, biotech/medical, genetics

Scientists have used CRISPR gene editing to reduce the lignin content in poplar trees by as much as 50%, offering a potentially more sustainable and efficient method of fibre production.

CRISPR-modified poplar trees (left) and wild poplar trees (right), growing in a North Carolina State University greenhouse. Credit: Chenmin Yang, NCSU

Lignin is a complex organic polymer that is integral to the structure of cell walls in many types of plants, especially in wood and bark. It acts as a type of binder in these walls, giving wood its hardness and resistance to rot. Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer in the world, next to cellulose, and makes up between 15% and 25% of the composition of wood.

Jul 16, 2023

Quantifying Biological Age: Blood Test #4 In 2023

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

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Jul 15, 2023

Genes for learning and memory are 650 million years old, study shows

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, neuroscience

A team of scientists led by researchers from the University of Leicester have discovered that the genes required for learning, memory, aggression and other complex behaviors originated around 650 million years ago.

The findings led by Dr. Roberto Feuda, from the Neurogenetic group in the Department of Genetics and Genome Biology and other colleagues from the University of Leicester and the University of Fribourg (Switzerland), have now been published in Nature Communications.

Dr. Feuda said, “We’ve known for a long time that monoamines like serotonin, dopamine and adrenaline act as neuromodulators in the , playing a role in complex behavior and functions like learning and memory, as well as processes such as sleep and feeding.”

Jul 14, 2023

Inhibiting a single gene leads to extended motor function longevity in C. elegans

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

Research led by Sichuan University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China, has revealed genetic mechanisms that could prolong healthy aging. In the paper, titled “Partial inhibition of class III PI3K VPS-34 ameliorates motor aging and prolongs health span,” published in PLOS Biology, the team details the methods they used to narrow down the potential genomic pathways to a single gene that could be critical to extending healthy human longevity.

With a combination of genetic manipulation, behavioral assays, microscopy techniques, and electrophysiology, the researchers investigated the role of VPS-34 in aging. These methods allowed the researchers to gain insights into the underlying motor aging and the effects of VPS-34 on , synaptic transmission, and muscle integrity.

According to the authors, increased in recent decades has not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in health span. Aging is characterized by the decline of multiple organs and tissues and motor aging, in particular, leads to frailty, loss of motor independence, and other age-related issues. Identifying mechanisms for therapeutics to delay motor aging is crucial for promoting .

Jul 14, 2023

Genetic Origins of Learning and Memory Traced Back 650 Million Years

Posted by in categories: computing, genetics, neuroscience

Summary: Researchers have uncovered genes essential for learning, memory, aggression, and other complex behaviors originated around 650 million years ago.

The study utilized computational methods to trace the evolutionary history of these genes involved in the production, modulation, and reception of monoamines like serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline. This discovery suggests that this new method of modulating neuronal circuits could have played a role in the Cambrian Explosion, contributing to the diversification of life.

The finding offers new research avenues to understand the origins of complex behaviors and their relation to diverse processes like reward, addiction, aggression, feeding, and sleep.

Jul 14, 2023

Super Intelligent AI: 10 Capabilities It Will Have

Posted by in categories: augmented reality, bioengineering, business, genetics, robotics/AI, transhumanism

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3o_wqZx94Bc

This video explores Super Intelligent AIs and the capabilities they will have. Watch this next video called Super Intelligent AI: 10 Ways It Will Change The World: https://youtu.be/cVjq53TKKUU.
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Jul 14, 2023

Super Intelligent AI: 10 Scientific Discoveries It Will Make

Posted by in categories: augmented reality, bioengineering, business, genetics, robotics/AI, transhumanism

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFbMJ-2QpG8

This video explores Super Intelligent AI and 10 scientific discoveries it could make. Watch this next video called Super Intelligent AI: 10 Ways It Will Change The World: https://youtu.be/cVjq53TKKUU.
► My Business Ideas Generation Book: https://bit.ly/3NDpPDI
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SOURCES:
https://www.britannica.com/science/tachyon.
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-manyworlds/#:~:text=Th…ion%20(MWI, and%20thus%20from%20all%20physics.

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Jul 14, 2023

Epigenetic Factors Create the Immune System’s Memory

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, genetics

The immune system is an incredibly complex network that has some amazing capabilities. It can eliminate dangerous cells that may lead to cancer, and defend the body against a wide variety of pathogenic invaders. It also has the ability to remember those encounters with pathogens so if they happen again, the immune system is primed to respond more quickly and forcefully against the offender. Scientists have now learned more about how the immune system memory is created at the molecular level. The findings have been reported in Science Immunology.

When immune cells are exposed to an invader, they can recognize structures called antigens on the surface of the pathogen. In this study, the researchers compared immune cells that had never been exposed to an antigen, so-called naive cells, to immune cells that had been in contact with an antigen, known as memory cells. The investigators wanted to identify the epigenetic differences between these cell types, which are changes in DNA that can impact gene expression, such as structural shifts or chemical tags, but do not alter the sequence of the genome. Epigenetic changes might explain why memory cells can react so quickly while naive cells are comparatively slow.