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Category: genetics – Page 126

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In the form of DNADNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule composed of two long strands of nucleotides that coil around each other to form a double helix. It is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms that carries genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

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The organism fared better at converting organic waste to electricity than even some famous and exotic electricity producing microbes.

Scientists at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland have successfully engineered E.coli.

Escherichia coli, commonly known as E.coli, is a rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the lower gut of organisms. However, it has become a favorite of microbial researchers worldwide for the ease with which its genetic structure can be manipulated. It has, therefore, become an indispensable part of research and industrial projects.

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This is a big deal, kids.

For the past five years, Silicon Valley biotech Rejuvenation Technologies has been quietly working on a therapeutic platform to extend telomeres in the human body, with the goal of boosting longevity and healthspan. Yesterday, the company emerged from stealth with a healthy seed funding round of $10.6 million, led by Khosla Ventures.

Rejuvenation has developed a synthetic mRNA-based approach to restoring telomeres to a “healthy length” – capable of reversing a decade of telomere shortening in a single dose. The mRNA produces telomerase, an enzyme that plays a critical role in maintaining the length of telomeres. Following positive preclinical results in lung and liver disease indications, the company is now preparing the path towards its first in-human trials.

Longevity. Technology: Telomeres are protective structures on our DNA that prevent the loss of genetic information as the cells in our bodies divide. With each cellular division, our telomeres gradually shorten and, when they become critically short, our cells enter a state of senescence or die. Research has shown that telomere length is closely associated with lifespan and healthspan, and telomere shortening is recognized as one of the primary hallmarks of aging.

While it has long been known that the enzyme telomerase extends telomeres, it was only recently that safe, rapid telomere extension has been enabled by the delivery of mRNA. To learn more about how Rejuvenation Technologies is targeting telomeres and longevity, we caught up with co-founders Dr Glenn Markov and Dr John Ramunas.

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The researchers claim it’s the first “complete” embryo model for simulating all the important components that form in the early embryo.

The science of baby-making is clear. A sperm cell (which contains genetic material from the father) and an egg cell (which contains genetic material from the mother) must fuse in order for a human embryo to develop.

However, science and technology are constantly improving in the fields of embryology and stem cell research.

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The ability to cure all disease slowly comes in view. ANI into Agi into ASI needs to be primary focus. Followed by genetics research, and lastly an extreme focus on Medical Nanobots. ASI will of cured most diseases by 2035–2040.

Fleets of advanced versions may one day be able to detect disease and then go about surgically treating it — without ever opening the skull.

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Female kidneys are known to be more resilient to disease and injury, but males need not despair. A new USC Stem Cell-led study published in Developmental Cell describes not only how sex hormones drive differences in male and female mouse kidneys, but also how lowering testosterone can “feminize” this organ and improve its resilience.

“By exploring how differences emerge in male and female kidneys during development, we can better understand how to address sex-related health disparities for patients with diseases,” said Professor Andy McMahon, the study’s corresponding author, and the director of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at the Keck School of Medicine of USC.

First authors Lingyun “Ivy” Xiong and Jing Liu from the McMahon Lab and their collaborators identified more than 1,000 genes with different levels of activity in male and female mouse kidneys, in a study supported by the National Institutes of Health. The differences were most evident in the section of the kidney’s filtering unit known as the proximal tubule, responsible for reabsorbing most of the nutrients such as glucose and amino acids back into the blood stream.

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Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed a new type of material that could offer a sustainable and eco-friendly solution to clean pollutants from water.

Dubbed an “engineered living material,” it is a 3D-printed structure made of a seaweed-based polymer combined with bacteria that have been genetically engineered to produce an enzyme that transforms various organic pollutants into benign molecules. The bacteria were also engineered to self-destruct in the presence of a molecule called theophylline, which is often found in tea and chocolate. This offers a way to eliminate them after they have done their job.

The researchers describe the new decontaminating material in a paper published in Nature Communications.

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