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Nov 14, 2024

Meteorite contains evidence of liquid water on Mars 742 million years ago

Posted by in categories: asteroid/comet impacts, existential risks

An asteroid struck Mars 11 million years ago and sent pieces of the red planet hurtling through space. One of these chunks of Mars eventually crashed into the Earth somewhere near Purdue University and is one of the few meteorites that can be traced directly to Mars. This meteorite was rediscovered in a drawer at Purdue University in 1931 and named the Lafayette Meteorite.

Nov 14, 2024

Scientists identify flaw in astrophysics models of massive stars and supernovae

Posted by in categories: physics, space

An international team of researchers has uncovered evidence that astrophysics models of massive stars and supernovae are inconsistent with observational gamma-ray astronomy.

Nov 14, 2024

Indicators of an aging brain: A 20-year study

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension, neuroscience

Johns Hopkins University-led researchers, working with the Biomarkers for Older Controls at Risk for Dementia (BIOCARD) cohort, have found that certain factors are linked to faster brain shrinkage and quicker progression from normal thinking abilities to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). People with type 2 diabetes and low levels of specific proteins in their cerebrospinal fluid showed more rapid brain changes and developed MCI sooner than others.

Long-term studies tracking changes over many years are rare but valuable. Previous research mostly provided snapshots in time, which can’t show how individual brains change over the years. By following participants for up to 27 years (20-year median), this study offers new insights into how health conditions might speed up brain aging.

In a study, “Acceleration of Brain Atrophy and Progression From Normal Cognition to Mild Cognitive Impairment,” published in JAMA Network Open, researchers used the BIOCARD cohort to examine associated with the acceleration of brain atrophy and progression from normal cognition to MCI. An Invited Commentary is also available.

Nov 14, 2024

Minimally invasive neural interface allows brain access without skull opening

Posted by in categories: bioengineering, biotech/medical, neuroscience

A team of researchers led by Rice University’s Jacob Robinson and the University of Texas Medical Branch’s Peter Kan has developed a technique for diagnosing, managing and treating neurological disorders with minimal surgical risks. The team’s findings were published in Nature Biomedical Engineering.

While traditional approaches for interfacing with the nervous system often require creating a hole in the skull to with the brain, the researchers have developed an innovative method known as endocisternal interfaces (ECI), allowing for electrical recording and stimulation of neural structures, including the brain and , through (CSF).

“Using ECI, we can access multiple brain and spinal cord structures simultaneously without ever opening up the skull, reducing the risk of complications associated with traditional surgical techniques,” said Robinson, professor of electrical and computer engineering and bioengineering.

Nov 14, 2024

Unique magnetic properties of 2D triangular lattice materials have potential applications for quantum computing

Posted by in categories: computing, quantum physics

Researchers from a large international team, including ANSTO, have investigated the magnetic properties of two unique 2D triangular lattice antiferromagnetic materials (2D-TLHAF) using various neutron scattering techniques.

Nov 14, 2024

Novel ceramic material uses lattice disorder to enhance electrocaloric cooling

Posted by in category: materials

Electrocaloric (EC) cooling works by using electricity to generate a cooling effect, which is more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly compared to traditional vapor-compression-based cooling methods.

Nov 14, 2024

Physicists achieve high-precision imaging of complex molecules using highly charged ions

Posted by in category: physics

A new study published in Physical Review Letters and led by researchers from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has demonstrated that a Coulomb explosion induced by highly charged ions is a unique tool for precisely imaging the structures of complex molecules.

Nov 14, 2024

Astronomers defy the zone of avoidance to find hundreds of new galaxies

Posted by in category: space

There is a region of the sky where astronomers fear to look. Filled with dark clouds of dust, it hides an unseen mass. A mass so large it is pulling the Milky Way and other galaxies toward it.

Nov 14, 2024

Quantifying the Background Radiation Hitting Superconducting Qubits

Posted by in categories: engineering, quantum physics

Researchers have characterized the naturally occurring background radiation hitting a typical quantum circuit—a result that might help with the engineering of devices that are less vulnerable to radiation-induced decoherence.

Nov 14, 2024

Assessing the Brain at a Range of Frequencies

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

A new frequency-based analysis of recordings from neurons in the brain may give insight into brain pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease.

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